A concept poorly defined, and one that is nuanced to suit the protagonists.
Affirmative action is often associated with providing opportunities for the traditionally disadvantaged. However, when we examine its nature, we find that is often not the case; rather, affirmative action exists to benefit even the privileged.
Athletes provided access to elite academic institutions with privileges. Nepotism rife within organizations because of legacy and connection. These are all practices of affirmative action, just by a different name.
The standards applied reflect the position we sit in at that given moment.